The if/else and if/else/elseif conditions allow users to create an IF statement.
For example if bananas are yellow then run the following code. If bananas arent yellow (ELSEIF) run the following code.
If bananas arent either options (ELSE) run the remaining code
Case/switch does the same and if/else/elseif it instead uses SWITCH to pass the variable in.
Case statements can them be added which behave like IF statements.
The DEFAULT statement is uses like the ELSE statement.
The DEFAULT statement is used to say if all of the conditions before this arent met then run this code.